"偽造" meaning in All languages combined

See 偽造 on Wiktionary

Verb [Chinese]

IPA: /weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /ŋɐi̯²² t͡sou̯²²/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /ŋu̯i³¹ t͡sʰo⁵⁵/ [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sinological-IPA, Sixian], /ui²⁴⁻²² t͡so²²/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /ɡui³³⁻²¹ t͡sɤ³³/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /ɡui²²⁻²¹ t͡so²²/ [Hokkien, Xiamen, Zhangzhou], /ɡui³³⁻¹¹ t͡so³³/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /ŋui³⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sau³⁵/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/, /weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/, /ŋɐi̯²² t͡sou̯²²/, /ŋu̯i³¹ t͡sʰo⁵⁵/, /ui²⁴⁻²² t͡so²²/, /ɡui³³⁻²¹ t͡sɤ³³/, /ɡui²²⁻²¹ t͡so²²/, /ɡui³³⁻¹¹ t͡so³³/, /ŋui³⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sau³⁵/ Chinese transliterations: wěizào [Mandarin, Pinyin], wèizào [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄨㄟˇ ㄗㄠˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], ㄨㄟˋ ㄗㄠˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], ngai⁶ zou⁶ [Cantonese, Jyutping], ngúi-chho [Hakka, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], ûi-chǒ [Hokkien, POJ], gūi-chō [Hokkien, POJ], ngui⁶ zao⁶ [Peng'im, Teochew], wěizào [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], wěizào [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], wei³-tsao⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], wěi-dzàu [Mandarin, Yale], woeitzaw [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], вэйцзао [Mandarin, Palladius], vɛjczao [Mandarin, Palladius], wèizào [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], wèizào [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], wei⁴-tsao⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], wèi-dzàu [Mandarin, Yale], weytzaw [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], ngaih jouh [Cantonese, Yale], ngai⁶ dzou⁶ [Cantonese, Pinyin], ngei⁶ zou⁶ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], ngúi-chho [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], ngui` co [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], ngui³ co⁴ [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], uî-tsǒ [Hokkien, Tai-lo], guī-tsō [Hokkien, Tai-lo], guixzoi [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], ngŭi tsău [POJ, Teochew]
Head templates: {{zh-verb}} 偽造
  1. to forge; to falsify; to fabricate; to counterfeit; to fake
    Sense id: en-偽造-zh-verb-dbZYKGWu Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations Synonyms: 假造 (jiǎzào), 土統 [Hokkien], 土统 [Hokkien], (niē) [in-compounds, literary], 捏造 (niēzào), 杜撰 (dùzhuàn), 桶摃 [Hokkien], 桶𫼱 [Hokkien], 構造 (gòuzào) [archaic], 构造 (gòuzào) [archaic], 瞎編 (xiābiān), 瞎编 (xiābiān), 編製 (biānzhì) [figuratively], 编制 (biānzhì) [figuratively], 編造 (biānzào), 编造 (biānzào), 胡編 (húbiān), 胡编 (húbiān), 臆造 (yìzào), 莫之莫捏 [Hokkien], 莫捏 [Hokkien], 虛構 (xūgòu), 虚构 (xūgòu), 造謠 (zàoyáo), 造谣 (zàoyáo)

Noun [Japanese]

IPA: [ɡʲizo̞ː] Forms: 偽造 [canonical] (ruby: (), (ぞう)), gizō [romanization]
Head templates: {{ja-noun|ぎぞう}} 偽(ぎ)造(ぞう) • (gizō)
  1. forgery; falsification; fabrication; counterfeiting

Adjective [Vietnamese]

Head templates: {{head|vi|adjective|||||head=|tr=}} 偽造, {{vi-adj|sc=Hani}} 偽造
  1. chữ Hán form of nguỵ tạo (“fake”).

Download JSON data for 偽造 meaning in All languages combined (6.9kB)

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "偽造",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to forge; to falsify; to fabricate; to counterfeit; to fake"
      ],
      "id": "en-偽造-zh-verb-dbZYKGWu",
      "links": [
        [
          "forge",
          "forge"
        ],
        [
          "falsify",
          "falsify"
        ],
        [
          "fabricate",
          "fabricate"
        ],
        [
          "counterfeit",
          "counterfeit"
        ],
        [
          "fake",
          "fake"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "jiǎzào",
          "word": "假造"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "土統"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "土统"
        },
        {
          "roman": "niē",
          "tags": [
            "in-compounds",
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "捏"
        },
        {
          "roman": "niēzào",
          "word": "捏造"
        },
        {
          "roman": "dùzhuàn",
          "word": "杜撰"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "桶摃"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "桶𫼱"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gòuzào",
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "構造"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gòuzào",
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "构造"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xiābiān",
          "word": "瞎編"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xiābiān",
          "word": "瞎编"
        },
        {
          "roman": "biānzhì",
          "tags": [
            "figuratively"
          ],
          "word": "編製"
        },
        {
          "roman": "biānzhì",
          "tags": [
            "figuratively"
          ],
          "word": "编制"
        },
        {
          "roman": "biānzào",
          "word": "編造"
        },
        {
          "roman": "biānzào",
          "word": "编造"
        },
        {
          "roman": "húbiān",
          "word": "胡編"
        },
        {
          "roman": "húbiān",
          "word": "胡编"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yìzào",
          "word": "臆造"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "莫之莫捏"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "莫捏"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xūgòu",
          "word": "虛構"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xūgòu",
          "word": "虚构"
        },
        {
          "roman": "zàoyáo",
          "word": "造謠"
        },
        {
          "roman": "zàoyáo",
          "word": "造谣"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wěizào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wèizào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄨㄟˇ ㄗㄠˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄨㄟˋ ㄗㄠˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngai⁶ zou⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngúi-chho"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ûi-chǒ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gūi-chō"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngui⁶ zao⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wěizào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wěizào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wei³-tsao⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wěi-dzàu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "woeitzaw"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "вэйцзао"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "vɛjczao"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wèizào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wèizào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wei⁴-tsao⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wèi-dzàu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "weytzaw"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngaih jouh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngai⁶ dzou⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngei⁶ zou⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋɐi̯²² t͡sou̯²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngúi-chho"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngui` co"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngui³ co⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋu̯i³¹ t͡sʰo⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "uî-tsǒ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ui²⁴⁻²² t͡so²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guī-tsō"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guixzoi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡui³³⁻²¹ t͡sɤ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡui²²⁻²¹ t͡so²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡui³³⁻¹¹ t͡so³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngŭi tsău"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋui³⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sau³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋɐi̯²² t͡sou̯²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋu̯i³¹ t͡sʰo⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ui²⁴⁻²² t͡so²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡui³³⁻²¹ t͡sɤ³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡui²²⁻²¹ t͡so²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡui³³⁻¹¹ t͡so³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋui³⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sau³⁵/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "偽造"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "偽造",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "偽",
          "ぎ"
        ],
        [
          "造",
          "ぞう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gizō",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ぎぞう"
      },
      "expansion": "偽(ぎ)造(ぞう) • (gizō)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "forgery; falsification; fabrication; counterfeiting"
      ],
      "id": "en-偽造-ja-noun-DCKyMG~e",
      "links": [
        [
          "forgery",
          "forgery"
        ],
        [
          "falsification",
          "falsification"
        ],
        [
          "fabrication",
          "fabrication"
        ],
        [
          "counterfeiting",
          "counterfeiting"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ぎぞー"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡʲizo̞ː]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "偽造"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "偽造",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "sc": "Hani"
      },
      "expansion": "偽造",
      "name": "vi-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese adjectives in Han script",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "chữ Hán form of nguỵ tạo (“fake”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-偽造-vi-adj-ApUBg6td",
      "links": [
        [
          "chữ Hán",
          "chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "nguỵ tạo",
          "nguỵ tạo#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "fake",
          "fake"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "偽造"
}
{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "偽造",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Cantonese terms with audio links",
        "Cantonese verbs",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Chinese verbs",
        "Hakka lemmas",
        "Hakka verbs",
        "Hokkien lemmas",
        "Hokkien verbs",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations",
        "Mandarin verbs",
        "Teochew lemmas",
        "Teochew verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to forge; to falsify; to fabricate; to counterfeit; to fake"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "forge",
          "forge"
        ],
        [
          "falsify",
          "falsify"
        ],
        [
          "fabricate",
          "fabricate"
        ],
        [
          "counterfeit",
          "counterfeit"
        ],
        [
          "fake",
          "fake"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wěizào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wèizào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄨㄟˇ ㄗㄠˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄨㄟˋ ㄗㄠˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngai⁶ zou⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngúi-chho"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ûi-chǒ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gūi-chō"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngui⁶ zao⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wěizào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wěizào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wei³-tsao⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wěi-dzàu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "woeitzaw"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "вэйцзао"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "vɛjczao"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wèizào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wèizào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wei⁴-tsao⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wèi-dzàu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "weytzaw"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngaih jouh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngai⁶ dzou⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngei⁶ zou⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋɐi̯²² t͡sou̯²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngúi-chho"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngui` co"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngui³ co⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋu̯i³¹ t͡sʰo⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "uî-tsǒ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ui²⁴⁻²² t͡so²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guī-tsō"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guixzoi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡui³³⁻²¹ t͡sɤ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡui²²⁻²¹ t͡so²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡui³³⁻¹¹ t͡so³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngŭi tsău"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋui³⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sau³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋɐi̯²² t͡sou̯²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋu̯i³¹ t͡sʰo⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ui²⁴⁻²² t͡so²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡui³³⁻²¹ t͡sɤ³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡui²²⁻²¹ t͡so²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡui³³⁻¹¹ t͡so³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋui³⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sau³⁵/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "jiǎzào",
      "word": "假造"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "土統"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "土统"
    },
    {
      "roman": "niē",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "捏"
    },
    {
      "roman": "niēzào",
      "word": "捏造"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dùzhuàn",
      "word": "杜撰"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "桶摃"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "桶𫼱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gòuzào",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "構造"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gòuzào",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "构造"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiābiān",
      "word": "瞎編"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiābiān",
      "word": "瞎编"
    },
    {
      "roman": "biānzhì",
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ],
      "word": "編製"
    },
    {
      "roman": "biānzhì",
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ],
      "word": "编制"
    },
    {
      "roman": "biānzào",
      "word": "編造"
    },
    {
      "roman": "biānzào",
      "word": "编造"
    },
    {
      "roman": "húbiān",
      "word": "胡編"
    },
    {
      "roman": "húbiān",
      "word": "胡编"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yìzào",
      "word": "臆造"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "莫之莫捏"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "莫捏"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xūgòu",
      "word": "虛構"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xūgòu",
      "word": "虚构"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zàoyáo",
      "word": "造謠"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zàoyáo",
      "word": "造谣"
    }
  ],
  "word": "偽造"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "偽造",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "偽",
          "ぎ"
        ],
        [
          "造",
          "ぞう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gizō",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ぎぞう"
      },
      "expansion": "偽(ぎ)造(ぞう) • (gizō)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Japanese lemmas",
        "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Japanese nouns",
        "Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
        "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
        "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "forgery; falsification; fabrication; counterfeiting"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "forgery",
          "forgery"
        ],
        [
          "falsification",
          "falsification"
        ],
        [
          "fabrication",
          "fabrication"
        ],
        [
          "counterfeiting",
          "counterfeiting"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ぎぞー"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡʲizo̞ː]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "偽造"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "偽造",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "sc": "Hani"
      },
      "expansion": "偽造",
      "name": "vi-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
        "Vietnamese adjectives",
        "Vietnamese adjectives in Han script",
        "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Vietnamese lemmas"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "chữ Hán form of nguỵ tạo (“fake”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "chữ Hán",
          "chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "nguỵ tạo",
          "nguỵ tạo#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "fake",
          "fake"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "偽造"
}
{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "偽造"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "偽造",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "偽造"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "偽造",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "偽造"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "偽造",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland; variant in Taiwan)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "偽造"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "偽造",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "偽造"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "偽造",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.